Análisis y diseño de modelos de negocio y mecanismos de financiamiento para buses eléctricos en Lima, Perú
El presente estudio corresponde a la asistencia técnica ofrecida, por el Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo, a la Dirección General de Eficiencia Energética (DGEE) del Ministerio de Energía y Minas de Perú (MINEM) con el objetivo de evaluar la viabilidad económica del uso de autobuses eléctricos de 12 metros relacionados al mecanismo de remuneración de los corredores complementarios y establecer modelos de negocio y mecanismos
de financiación para la masificación de la tecnología en la ciudad de Lima, Perú.
Para alcanzar el objetivo del estudio, la consultoría realizó el análisis del mercado empleando una combinación de técnicas basadas en información primaria y secundaria, recopilada por medio de entrevistas telefónicas
y presenciales e investigación de escritorio.
El reporte presenta una serie de análisis comparativos entre las tecnologías de transporte: diésel, gas natural y eléctrico, para establecer el costo total de la propiedad de los buses (TCO1), la reducción de gases efecto
invernadero, la viabilidad económica y la estimación de los riesgos. Como resultado de los análisis se proponen modelos de negocio y mecanismos de financiamiento adecuados para hacer competitiva la tecnología eléctrica
en Lima.
Electrified islands – The road to e-mobility int he Caribbean
Global electric vehiclei (EV) uptake is on the rise, propelled by declining battery costs, increased awareness, and
favorable government policies. EVs are attracting interest worldwide for their role in reducing carbon emissions and
local air pollution, but most progress to date has been concentrated in China, the United States, and Western
Europe. Despite low EV numbers in the Caribbean, several factors make the region ideal for expansion. Caribbean
islands are heavily dependent on oil imports, which makes fuel expensive and exposes them to oil price and foreign
exchange risk. Transport sectors account for a large share of energy consumption. Renewable energy potential is
abundant, meaning the environmental benefits of EVs can be maximized over time. And Caribbean islands are
vulnerable to natural disasters and can benefit from the ancillary resilience services of EVs. Finally, Caribbean
islands are small, naturally mitigating range anxiety and requiring less extensive charging networks.
Barbados – NDC
As a small island developing state (SIDS) that is extremely vulnerable to the adverse impacts of climate change and cognizant of the implications for its economic, social and environmental sectors, the Government of Barbados (GOB) ratified the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in 1994 and the Kyoto Protocol in
2000. Since then, Barbados has actively participated in the Conference of Parties (COP) and related inter-sessional meetings of the UNFCCC, as well as undertaken a variety of measures that fit with the overarching objective of the Convention and intended to build national resilience to the challenges imposed by climate change. Accordingly, with the recognition of the need for an urgent global response to address the adverse impacts of climate change,
the GOB is expecting the agreed and adopted outcome of the 21st COP of the UNFCCC to be an internationally legally-binding agreement under the Convention that is in the form of a protocol and is applicable to all Parties.
Antigua and Barbuda
The Government of Antigua and Barbuda is committed to the successful conclusion of negotiations under the Ad-Hoc Working Group on the Durban Platform for Enhanced Action (ADP) in order to adopt, at COP21 in Paris, a new legally binding agreement under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) appropriate to all Parties, which will come into effect and be implemented from 2020 onwards.
Antigua and Barbuda hereby communicates its Intended Nationally Determined Contribution (INDC), in accordance with the relevant paragraphs of Decisions 1/CP.19 and 1/CP.20, towards achieving the objective of the Convention to stabilize greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations to “prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system” (Article 2), and towards the Convention’s commitment for all Parties to take “measures to facilitate adequate adaptation to climate change” (Article 4).
As agreed in Decision 1 CP/20 para 11, “Small island developing states may communicate information on strategies, plans and actions for low greenhouse gas emission development reflecting their special circumstances in the context of intended nationally determined contributions.” Mitigation and adaptation targets in this INDC are presented in an up-front format to facilitate clarity and transparency, and are a mix of conditional and unconditional contributions, contingent upon receiving international support for technology transfer, capacity-building and financial resources.
Grenada – NDC
Grenada’s second Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) pursuant to Article 4 of the Paris Agreement represents its continued commitment to the objectives of the Paris Agreement towards holding the increase of the global average temperature to well below 2oC above pre-industrial levels while pursuing efforts to limit the increase to 1.5oC.
This NDC adheres to the requirements of the guidance on information to facilitate clarity, transparency and understanding (ICTU) as contained in decision 4/ CMA 1 adopted at the twenty-fourth meeting of the Conference of Parties (COP 24) serving as the first Meeting of the Parties to the Paris Agreement.
The emissions reductions in this new NDC are a confirmation of the indicative ambitious 2030 NDC target of 40% below 2010 levels submitted in the 2016 NDC, which is conditional on external funding. This target remains the highest possible ambition that Grenada can achieve. It is anticipated that this will be done through interventions in the Energy including transport; Waste; Forestry; and Industrial Processes and Product Use (IPPU) sectors and by leveraging mitigation co-benefits of adaptation actions.
Dominica – NDC
The Commonwealth of Dominica is committed to the successful conclusion of negotiations under the AdHoc Working Group on the Durban Platform for Enhanced Action (ADP) in order to adopt, at the 21st
meeting of the Conference of Parties (COP21) in Paris, a new legally-binding agreement under the United
Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) appropriate and fair to all Parties, which
will come into effect and be implemented from 2020 onwards. Dominica hereby communicates its
Intended Nationally Determined Contribution (INDC), in accordance with the relevant paragraphs of
Decisions 1/CP.19 and 1/CP.20, towards achieving the ultimate objective of the Article 2 of the
Convention, which provides up-front information to facilitate the clarity, transparency and the
understanding of the INDC. Dominica is also pleased to provide additional accompanying information
relating to mitigation, adaptation planning/management and support for implementation.
